Garcia O. Atlas of Vaginal Natural Orifice Transluminal Endoscopic Surgery 2025

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Vaginal natural orifice transluminal endoscopic surgery (vNOTES) is a relatively modern approach. Different disciplines have used natural orifices to insert endoscopes as a way to provide a minimally invasive approach to multiple procedures. The transvaginal approach is probably one of the least invasive access points into the abdomen. In a similar way laparoscopic surgery changed the history of minimally invasive surgery in the 1980-1990s, vNOTES is reshaping the definition of minimally invasive gynecologic surgery. The vNOTES approach provides surgeons with an alternative access point to the abdomen with quicker recovery times, faster surgery, better cosmetic outcomes and better anesthesia requirements with less cardiopulmonary compromise during the surgery