Kehayias J. Troubleshooting SQL Server. A Guide for the Accidental DBA 2013

Textbook in PDF format

fascinating insight into the most common SQL Server problems, why they occur, and how they can be diagnosed using tools such as Performance Monitor, Dynamic Management Views and server-side tracing. The focus of 'Troublshooting SQL Server' is on practical solutions for removing root causes of these problems, rather than "papering over the cracks".
The steps and techniques described are ones used every day to troubleshoot real SQL Server performance problems. With them, we hope you can solve performance problems quickly and accurately, and tame your unruly SQL Servers