Molles M. Ecology. Concepts and Applications 9ed 2022

Textbook in PDF format

Ecology: Concepts and Applications was written for students taking their first undergraduate course in ecology. The authors have assumed that students in this one-semester course have some knowledge of basic chemistry and mathematics and have had a course in general biology, which included introductions to evolution, physiology, and biological diversity.
Introduction to Ecology: Historical Foundations and Developing Frontiers 
Natural History and Evolution
Life on Land 
Life in Water 
Population Genetics and Natural Selection 
Adaptations to the Environment
Temperature Relations 
Water Relations 
Energy and Nutrient Relations 
Social Relations 
Population Ecology
Population Distribution and Abundance 
Population Dynamics 
Population Growth 
Life Histories 
Interactions
Species Interactions and Competition 
Exploitative Interactions: Predation, Herbivory, Parasitism, and Disease 
Mutualism 
Communities and Ecosystems
Species Abundance and Diversity 
Species Interactions and Community Structure 
Primary and Secondary Production 
Nutrient Cycling and Retention 
Succession and Stability 
Large-Scale Ecology
Landscape Ecology 
Geographic Ecology 
Global Ecology